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“As for me, for it is I, and I am an Englishman in Italiane” | |
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John Florio, Second Frutes, To the Reader. | |
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>> Fifteen Reasons for John Florio, The Man Who Invented Shakespeare >> Quindici Ragioni per John Florio, L’uomo che ha inventato Shakespeare >> Florio As Seen By Scholars : 1921-2007 >> Author matters >> In pursuit of meaning >> A world of words >> Florio’s words, Shakespeare’s words >> Chapter 7: (excerpt) The Translation of Montaigne’s Essais >> Chapter 8: (excerpt) Language, Style, And Euphuism >> Chapter 17: (excerpt) The Spirit and The Land of Italy >> L’Italia e Florio >> John Florio and His Entourage >> The Testament of John Florio >> Florio’s works |
Florio - Shakespeare Florio’s works SECOND FRUTES, 1591 SECOND FRUTES, 1591 TO THE READER A WORLDE OF WORDES, 1598 THE EPISTLE DEDICATORIE A WORLDE OF WORDES, 1598 TO THE READER MONTAIGNE ’S ESSAYS TRANSLATED BY JOHN FLORIO, 1603 THE EPISTLE DEDICATORIE MONTAIGNE’S ESSAYS TRANSLATED BY JOHN FLORIO, 1603 TO THE CURTEOUS READER A WORLDE OF WORDES, 1598 QUEEN ANNA ’S NEW WORLD OF WORDES, 1603 SECOND FRUTES, 1591
Second Frutes, to be gathered of Twelve Trees, of Divers but delightsome tastes to the tongues of Italians and Englishmen» To which is annexed his Gardine of Recreation yeelding sixthousand Italian Proverbs. London, Printed for Thomas Woodcock, dwelling at the Black-beare. 1591 To the right worshipfull, the kinde entertainer of vertue, and mirrour of a good minde Master Nicholas Saunder of Ewel, Esquire, his devoted John Florio Congratulates the rich reward of the one, and lasting beautie of the other and wisheth all felicitie els. manuring a barraine plot, and have nothing for their labor but their travel: the reason why, because they leave the lowe dales, to seeke.thrift in the hill countries; and dig for gold on the top of the Alpes, when Esops cock found a pearle in a lower place. For me, I am none of their faction, I love not to climb high to catch shadowes; sufficeth, gentle Sir, that your perfections are the port where my labors must anchor, whose manie and liberall favours have been so largely extended unto me, that I have a long time studied how I might in some sort gratefully testifie my thankfulness unto you. But when I had assembled all my thoughts, & entred into a contrarious consultation of my utmost abilities, I could not find anie employment more agreeable to my power, or better beseeming my dutie, than this present Dedication, whereby the world, by the instance of your never entermitted benevolence towards me, should have a perfect insight into your vertue and bountie (qualities growne too solitary in this age) and your selfe might be unfallibly persuaded in what degree I honor and regarde you. For indeede I neither may in equitie forget, nor in reason conceale, the rare curtesies you vouchfast me at Oxford, the friendly offers and great liberalitie since (above my hope and my desert)continued at London, where with you have fast bound me to beare a dutifull & grateful observance towards you while I live, & to honour that mind, from which as from a spring, al your friendships & goodnes hath flowed: And therefore to give you some paune and certaine assurance of a thankfull minde, and my professed devotion, I have consecrated these my slender endeavours,wholy to your delight which shall stand for an image and monument of your worthinesse to posteritie. And though they serve to pleasure and profit manie, yet shall my selfe reape pleasure, also if they please you well, under whose name and cognisance they shall goe abroade and seeke their fortunes. How the world will entertaine them I knowe not, or what acceptance your credit may adde to their basenes I am yet uncertaine, but this I dare vaunt without sparke of vaine-glory that I have given you a taste of the best Italian fruites the Thuscane Garden could affoorde; but if the pallate of some ale or beer mouths be out of taste that they cannot taste them, let them sporte but not spue.The moone keeps her course for all the dogges barking. I have for these fruites ransackt and rifled the gardens of fame throughout Italie (and there are the Hesperides) if translated they do prosper, as they flourished upon their native stock) or eate them & they will be sweete, or set them and they will adorne your orchyards. The maidenhead of my industrie I yeelded to a noble Mecenas (renoumed Lecester), the honor of England, whom, though like Hector every miscreant Mirmidon dare strik being dead, yet sing Homer or Virgil, write frend or foe, of Troy or of Troyes issue; that Hector must have his desert,the General of his Prince, the Paragon of his Peers, the watchman of our peace,
As Petrarke hath in his triumph of fame; and, to conclude, the supporter of his friends, the terror of his foes, and the Britton Patron of the Muses Dardania’s light and Troyans faithfuls’t hope. famous a Lord: But leaving him that dying left al Artes, and all strangers as Orphanes, forsaken, and friendles, I will wholy convert my muze to you (my second patron) who among manie that beare their crests hie, and mingle their titles with TAM MARTI QUAM MERCURIO are an unfayned embracer of virtues, and nourisher of knowledge and learning. I published long since my first fruits to the use of such as were but meanely entred in the Italian tongue (and which because they were first and the tree but young were something sowre, yet at last digested in this cold climat), knowing well that they would both nourish and delight & now I have againe, after long toyle and diligent pruning of my orcharde brought forth my seeond fruites (better, riper andpleasanter than the first) not unfit for those that embrace the language of the muses, or,would beautifie their speech with a not vulgar bravery. These two I brought forth as the daughters and offprings of my care and studie: My elder (as before noted) because she was ambitious (as heirs are wont) I married for preferment and for honour, but this younger (fayrer, better nurtured, & comelier than her sister) because my hope of such preferment and honour had, fayled me, I thought to have cloystred up in some solitarynes which shee perceiving, with haste putting on her best ornaments and (following the guise of her countrie women presuming very much upon the love and favour of her parents) hath voluntaryly made her choice (plainly telling me that she will not leade apes in hell) and matched with such a one as she best liketh, and hopeth will both dearleylove her, & make her such a joynter as shall be to the comfort of her parents, and joy of her match, and therefore have I given her my consent, because shee hath jumped so well with modesty, and not aspired so high that shee might be upbraided either with her birth or basenes when she could not mend it. I know the world will smile friendlier, and gaze more upon a damzell marching in figured silkes (who are as paper bookes with nothing in them) than upon one being onely clad in homespunn cloth (who are as playne cheasts full of treasure) yet communis error shall not have my company, and therefore have I rather chosen to present my Italian and English proverbiall sportes to such a one as I know joynes them both so aptly in himselfe, as I doubt whether is best in him, but he is best in both; who loves them both, no man better; and touching proverbs, invents them, no man finer; and aplyes them no man fitter; and that taketh his great contentment in knowledge of languages (guides and instruments to perfection and excellency) as in Nectar and Ambroisia (meate onely for the Gods and deyfied mindes,) I shal not neede to troble my selfe or you with any commendation of the matter I deliver, nor to give credit by some figures and colours to proverbs and sentences, seeing your selfe know well (whose censure I most respect) both how much a proverbiall speech (namely in the Italian) graceth a wise meaning, and how probably, it argueth a good conceipt, and also how naturally the Italians please themselves with such materyall, short, and wittie speeches (which when they themselves are out of Italy and amongst strangers, who they think hath learnt a little Italian out of CASTILIONS courtier, or Guazzo his dialogues, they will endeavour to forget or neglect and speake bookish, and not as they wil doe amongst themselves because they know their proverbs never came over the Alpes) no lesse than with the conceipted apothegms or Impreses, which never fall within the reach of a barren or vulgar head. What decorum I have observed in selecting them I leave to the learned to consider. Thus, craving the continuall Sunshine of your worships favour towards me, and that they may never decline to any west, and desiring your friendly censure on my travails, I wish unto you your owne wishes, which are such as wisedome endites, and successe should subscribe. Your W.affectionate in all he may; J. F. * * *
SECOND FRUTES, 1591 TO THE READER Reader, good or bad, name thyself for I know not which to tearme thee, unlesse I heard thee reade, and reading judge and judging exercise; or courtesie the cogniziance of a Gentleman, or malice the badge of a Momus, or exact examination the puritane scale of a criticall censor: to the first (as to my friends) I wish as gracious acceptaunce where they desire it most, as they extend where I deserve it least; to the second I can wish no worse than they worke themselves, though I should wish them blindness, deafnes and dumbnes: for blynd they are (or worse) that see not their own vices, others vertues: deafe they are (or worse) that never could heare well of themselves nor would heare well of others: and dumbe they are (and worse) that speake not but behinde men’s backs (whose bookes speake to all) and speake nought but is naught like themselves, than who, what can be worse? As for critiks I accompt of them as crickets; no goodly bird if a man marke them, no sweete note if a man heare them, no good luck if a man have them: they lurke in corners but catch cold if they looke out; they lie in sight of the furnace that tryes others but will not come neare the flame that should purifie themselves: they are bred of filth & fed with filth, what vermine to call them I know not, or wormes or flies or what worse? They are like cupping glasses, that draw nothing but corrupt blood; like swine that leave the cleare springs to wallow in a puddle: they doo not, as Plutarke and Aristarcus, derive philosophie, and set flowres out of Homer; but with Zoylus deride his halting and pull asunder his faire joynted verses: they doe not seeke honie with the bee, but suck poyson with the spider.They will doe nought, yet all is naught but what they doo. They snuff our lampes perhaps, but sure they add no oyle; they will heale us of the toothache but are themselves sick of the fever-lourdane. Demonstrative rethorique is their studie, and the doggs letter they can snarle alreadie. As for me, for it is I, and I am an Englishman in italiane; I know they have a knife at command to cut my throate Un Inglese Italianato, è un Diavolo incarnato. Now, who the Divell taught thee so much Italian? Speake me as much more, and take all. Meane you the men or their mindes? Be the men good, and their mindes bad? Speake for the men (for you are one) or I will doubt of your minde: Mislike you the language? Why the best speake it best and hir Majestie none better. I, but too manie tongues are naught; indeede one is too manie for him that cannot use it well. Mithridates was reported to have learned three and twentie severall languages, and Ennius to have three harts because three tongues, but it should seeme that thou hast not one sound heart, but such a one as is cancred with envie; nor anie tongue but a forked tongue, thou hissest so like a snake, and yet me thinkes by thy looke, thou shouldst have no tongue thou gapest and mowest so like a frogg: I, but thou canst reade whatsoever is good in Italian, translated into English. And was it good that the translated then? or were they good that translated it? Had they been like thee, they were not worth the naming; and thou, being unlike them, art unworthie to name them. Had they not knowen Italian how had they translated it? had they not translated it, where were now thy reading? Rather drinke at the wel-head than sip at puddled streames; rather buy af first hand than goe on trust to the hucksters. I, but thou wilt urge me with their manners & vices not remembring that where great vices are, there are infinit virtues) & aske me whether they be good or bad? Surely touching their vices, they are bad (& I condemne them) like thyself: the men are as we are, (if bad, God amend both us and them) and I thinke wee may verie well mend both. I, but (peradventure), thou wilt say my frutes are wyndie, I pray thee keepe thy winde to coole thy potage. I, but they are rotten: what, and so greene? that’s a marwell; indeede I thinke the caterpillar haith newly caught them. If thy sight and taste be so altred, that neither colour nor taste of my frutes will please thee, I greatly force not, for I never minded to be thy fruterer. Muro bianco is paper goode-noughe for everie matto: Prints were first invented for wise men’s use, and not for fooles play. These Proverbs and proverbiall Phrases (hethertoo so peculiar to the Italians, that they could never finde their way ower the Apenines, or meanes to become familiar to anie other Nation) have onlie been selected and stamped for the wise and not for thee, (and therefore hast thou no part in them).Who will kindly accept of them: (though in the ordring of them I differ with most mens methodes, who, on their compositions onely seeke for wordes to expresse their matter, and I have endevored to finde matter to declare those Italian words & phrases, that yet never saw Albion’s cliffes) for the pleasure of which, I will shortly send into the world an exquisite Italian and English Dictionary, and a compendious Grammar. The Sunne spreading his beames indifferently (and my frutes are in an open orchyard, indifferent to all) doth soften wax, and harden clay; (my frutes will please the gentler, but offend the clayish or clownish sort, whom good things scarcely please, and I care not to displease). I know I have them not all, and you, will be readie (if I should say so) with Bate me an ace quoth Bolton, or Wide quoth Bolton when his bolt flew backward. Indeede here are not all, for tell me who can tell thcm; but here are the chiefe, and thanke me that I cull them. The Greekes and Latines thanke Erasmus, and our Englishmen make much of Heywood: for Proverbs are the pith, the proprieties, the proofes, the pureties the elegancies as the commonest so the commendablest phrases of a language.To use them is a grace, to understand them a good, but to gather them a paine to mc, though gaine to thee. I, but for all that I must not scape without some new flout: now would I were by thee to give thee another, and surely I would give thee bread for cake. Farewell if thou meane well; els fare as ill as thou wishest me to fare. The last of April. 1591. Resolute J.F. * * *
A WORLDE OF WORDES, 1598 THE EPISTLE DEDICATORIE
ROGER EARLE OF RUTLAND, HENRIE EARLE OF SOUTHAMPTON, LUCIE COUNTESSE OF BEDFORD
Fu il volto allegro, e ‘l non bugiardo amore. E benche fosse povero il convito, Non fu la volontà povera e ‘l core. But of all other cheere most did content A cheerefull countenance, and a willing minde, Poore entertainment being richly ment, Pleaded excuse for that which was behinde. Good parts imparted are not empaired: Your springs are first to serve your selfe, yet may yeelde your neighbours sweete water; your taper is to light to you first, and yet it may light your neighbours candle. I might make doubt, least I or mine be not now of any further use to your selfesufficiencie, being at home so instructed for Italian, as teaching or learning could supplie, that there seemed no neede of travell: and nowe by travell so accomplished, as what wants to perfection? Wherein no lesse must be attributed to your embellisht graces (my most noble, most gracious, and most gracefull Earle of Rutland) well entred in the toong, ere your Honor entered Italie, there therein so perfected, as what needeth a Dictionarie? Naie, if I offer service but to them that need it, with what face seeke I a place with your excellent Ladiship (my mostmost honored, because bestbest adorned Madame) who by conceited industrie, or industrious conceite, in Italian as in French, in French as in Spanish, in all as in English, understand what you reade, write as you reade, and speake as you write; yet rather charge your minde with matter, then your memorie with words? And if this present, present so small profit, I must confesse it brings much lesse delight: for, what pleasure is a plot of simples, O non viste, o mal note, o mal gradite, Or not seene, or ill knowne, or ill accepted? Yet here-hence may some good accrewe, not onelie to truantlie-schollers, which ever-and-anon runne to Venuti, and Alunno; or to new-entred novices, that hardly can construe their lesson; or to well-forwarde students, that have turned over Guazzo and Castiglione, yea runne through Guarini, Ariosto, Tasso, Boccace and Petrarche: but even to the most compleate Doctor; yea to him that best can stande All’erta for the best Italian, heereof sometimes may rise some use: since, have he the memorie of Themistocles, of Seneca, of Scaliger yet is it not infinite, in so finite a bodie. And I have seene the best, yea naturali Italians, not onely stagger, but even sticke fast in the myre, and at last give it over, or give their verdict with An ignoramus. Boccace is prettie hard, yet understood: Petrarche harder, but explaned: Dante hardest, but commented. Some doubt if all aright. Alunno for his foster-children hath framed a woride of their wordes. Venuti taken much paines in some verie fewe authors; and our William Thomas hath done prettilie; and if all faile, although we misse or mistake the worde, yet make we up the fence. Such making is marring. Naie all as good; but not as right. And not right, is flat wrong. One saies of Petrarche for all: A thousand strappadas coulde nor compell him to confesse, what some interpreters will make him saie he ment. And a judicious gentleman of this lande will uphold, that none in England understands him thoroughly. How then ayme we at Peter Aretine, that is so wittie, hath such varietie, and frames so manie new words? At Francesco Doni who is so fantasticall, & so strange? At Thomaso Garzoni in his Piazza universale; or at Allessandro Cittolini, in his Typocosmia, who have more proper and peculiar words concerning everie severall trade, arte, or occupation for everie particular toole, or implement belonging unto them, then ever any man heeretofore either collected in any booke, or sawe collected in any one language? How shall we understand Hanniball Caro, who is so full of wittie jestes, sharpe quips, nipping tantes, and scoffing phrases against that grave and learned man Lodovico Castelvetri, in his Apologia de’ Banchi? Howe shall the English Gentleman come to the perfect understanding of Federico Grisone, his Arte del Cavalcare, who is so full of strange phrases, and unusuall wordes, peculiar onely to horse-manship, and proper but to Cavalarizzi? How shall we understande so manie and so strange bookes, of so severall, and so fantasticall subjects as be written in the Italian toong? How shall we, naie how may we ayme at the Venetian, at the Romane, at the Lombard, at the Neapolitane, at so manie, and so much differing Dialects, and Idiomes, as be used and spoken in Italie, besides the Florentine? Sure we must saie as that most intelligent and grave Prelate said, when he came new out of the South into the North, and was saluted with a womans sute in Northren. Now what is that in English? If I, who many yeeres have made profession of this toong, and in this search or quest of inquirie have spent most of my studies; yet many times in many wordes have beene so stal’d, and stabled, as such sticking made me blushinglie confesse my ignorance, and such confession indeede made me studiouslie seeke helpe, but such helpe was not readilie to be had at hande. Then may your Honors without any dishonour, yea what and whosoever he be that thinkes himselfe a very good Italian, and that to trip others, doth alwaies stande All’erta, without disgrace to himselfe, sometimes be at a stand, and standing see no easie issue, but for issue with a direction, which in this mappe I hold, if not exactlie delineated, yet conveniently prickt out. Is all then in this little? All I knowe: and more (I know) then yet in any other. Though most of these you know alreadie, yet have I enough, if you know anie thing more then you knew, by this. The retainer doth some service, that now and then but holds your Honors styrrop, or lendes a hande over a stile, or opens a gappe for easier passage, or holds a torch in a darke waie: enough to weare your Honors cloth. Such then since this may proove, proove it (right Honorable) and reproove not for it my rudenes, or my rashnes; rudenes in presuming so high, rashnes in assuming so much for it that yet is unaprooved. Some perhaps will except against the sexe, and not allowe it for a male-broode, sithens as our Italians saie, Le parole sono femine, & i fatti sono maschij, Wordes they are women, and deeds they are men. But let such know that Detti and fatti, wordes and deeds with me are all of one gender. And although they were commonly Feminine, why might not I by strong imagination (which Phisicions give so much power unto) alter their sexe? Or at least by such heaven-pearcing devotion as transformed Iphis, according to that description of the Poet.
Sente, e volge alla madre il motto, e’l lume. Come vero fanciullo esser si vede Iphi va con parole alme, e devote Al tempio con la madre, e la nutrice, E paga il voto, e’l suo miracol dice. Feeling more vigor in each part and strength Then earst, and that indeede she was a boy. Towards hir mother eies and wordes at length She turns, and at the temple with meeke joy He and his nurse and mother utter how The case fell out, and so he paide his vow. If in these rankes the English outnumber the Italian, congratulate the copie and varietie of our sweetemother toong, which under this most Excellent well-speaking Princesse or Ladie of the worlde in all languages is growne as farre beyond that of former times, as her most flourishing raigne for all happines is beyond the raignes of former Princes. Right Honorable, I feare me I have detained your Honors too long with so homelie entertainment, yet being the best the meanenes of my skill can affoorde; which intending as my childes christening-banquet, heereunto I presumed to invite your Honors: but I hope what was saide at your Honors first comming (I meane in the beginning of my Epistle) shall serve for a finall excuse. And in conclusion (most Honorable) once againe at your departure give me leave to commend this sonne of mine to your favourable protections, and advowe him yours, with this licence, that as Henricus Stephanus dedicated his Treasure of the Greeke toong to Maximilian the Emperour, to Charles the French king, and to Elizabeth our dread Soveraigne, and by their favours to their Universities: So I may consecrate this lesser-volume of little-lesse value, but of like import, first, to your triple-Honors, then under your protections to all ItalianEnglish, or English-Italian students. Vouchsafe then (highlie Honorable) as of manie made for others, yet made knowne to your Honors, so of this to take knowledge, who was borne, bred, and brought foorth for your Honors chiefe service; though more service it may do, to many others, that more neede it; since manie make as much of that, which is made for them, as that they made them-selves, and of adopted, as begotten children; yea Adrian the Emperour made more of those then these; since the begotten are such as fates give us, the adopted such as choice culs us; they often-times Stolti, sgarbati, & inutili, these ever with Corpo intiero, leggiadre membra, e mente sana. Accepting therefore of the childe, I hope your Honors wish as well to the Father, who to your Honors all-devoted wisheth meede of your merits, renowme of your vertues, and health of your persons, humblie with gracious leave kissing your thrice-honored hands, protesteth to continue ever Your Honors most humble and bounden in true service, JOHN FLORIO. * * *
A WORLDE OF WORDES, 1598 TO THE READER I knowe not how I may again adventure an Epistle to the Reader, so are the times or, readers in theses times, most part sicke of the sullens, and peevish in their sicknes and conceited in their peevishnes.So should I fear the fire who have felt the flame so lately, and flie from the sea, that have yet a vow to pay for escaping my last ship wracke. Then what will the world say for ventring againe? A suo danno, will one say. E a torto si lamenta del mare, chi due volte ci vuol tornare will another say. Good counsel! Indeede, but who followeth it? Doe we not daily see the contrarie in practise?Who loves to be more on the sea, than they that have bin most on it? Whither for change if they have kept at a stay: or for amends if they have lost: or for increase if they have gotten. Of these there are ynow, and wise-ynough to excuse me. Therefore I have put forward at aventure: But before I recount unto thee (gentle reader) the purpose of my new voyage: give me leave a little to please my selfe, and refresh thee with the discourse of my olde danger.Which because in some respect it is a common danger, the discoverie thereof may happily profit other men, as much as it please my se1fe. And here might I begin with those notable Pirates on this our paper-sea, those sea-dogs, or lande-Critickes, monsters of men, if not beastes rather than men; whose teeth are Canibals, their toongs adder-forkes, their lips aspes- poyson, their eies basiliskes, their breath the breath of a grave, their wordes the swordes of Turkes, that strive which shall dive deepest into a Christian lying bound before them. But for these barking and biting dogs they as well knowne as Scylla and Charybdis. There is another sort of leering curs that rather snarle then bite, whereof I coulde instance in one, who lighting upon a good sonnet of a gentlemans, a friend of mine, that loved better to be a poet, than to be counted so, called the auctor a rymer, notwithstanding he had more skill in good Poetrie, then my slie gentleman seemed to have in good manners or humanitie. But my quarrell is to a tooth-lesse dog that hateth where he cannot hurt, and would faine bite, when he hath no teeth. His name is H.S. Doe not take it for the Romane H.S.for he his not of so much worth, unlesse it be as H.S. is twice as much and a halfe, as halfe an As. But value him how you will, I am sure he highly value himselfe. This fellow, this H.S. reading (for I would you should knowe he his a reader and a writer too), under my last epistle to the reader I.F. made as familiar a word of F. as if I had been his brother. Now Recte sit oculis magister tuis, said an ancient writer to a much-like reading grammarian pedante: God save your eie-sight, sir, or at least your in-sight. And might not a man that can do as much as you (that is, reade) finde as much matter out of H.S.as you did out of I.F.? As for example, H.S. why may it not stand as well for Haeres Stultitiae, as for Homo Simplex? as for Hara Suillina as for Hostis Studiosorum? or for Hircus Satiricus as well as for any of them? And this in Latine, besides Hedera Seguace, Harpia Subata, Humore Superbo, Hipocrito Simulatore in Italian. And in English world without end. Huffe Snuffe, Horse Stealer, Hob Sowter, Hugh Sot, Humfrey Swineshead, Hodge Sowgelder. Now Master H.S. if this doe gaule you forbeare kicking hereafter and in the meane time you may make you a plaister of your dride Marioram. I have seene in my dies an inscription, harder to finde out the meaning, and yet easier for a man to picke a better meaning out of it, if he be not a man of H.S. condition. There is a most excellent preface to the excellently translated booke signed A.B. which, when I sawe, I eftsoones conceived could I in perusing the whole A.B.C omit the needelesse and well order the requisite letters, I should finde some such thing as Admirabilis Bonitas, or Amantum Beatissimus. But how long tinke you would H.S. have been rooting and grunting ere he could have found as lie is Hominum Simplicissimus, or would have pickt out as he is Hirudo Sanguisuga, so honest a meaning? Trust me I can not but marvell at the disposition of these men, who are so malicious as they will not spare to stab others, though it be through their own bodies, and wrong other men with their owne double harme. Such mens wordes a wise man compares to boltes shot right-up against heaven, that come not neare heaven, but downe againe upon their pates that shot them: or a man may compare them to durt flung at another man, which besides it defiles his handes that flings it, possibly itt is blowne backe againe upon his owne face: or to monie put out usurie, that returnes with increase, so they delivered with hatred, are repaide with much more: or to be blasting Sereno in hot countries, rising from puddles, dunghills, carions, putrified dampes, poisoned lakes, that being detestable itselfe. Makes that much more detested from whence it comes. On the other side a good word is a deaw from heaven to earth: it is a precious balme, that has sweetenesse in the boxe, whence it comes, sweetenesse and vertue in the bodie, whereto it comes: it is a golden chaine, that linkes the tongs, and eares, and harts of writers and readers, each to other. They hurt not God (saith Seneca) but their owne soules, that overthrowe his altars: Nor harme they good men, but themselves, that turns their sacrifice of praises into blasphemie. They that rave, and rage, and raile against heaven, I say not (faith be) they are gultie of sacrilege but at least they loose their labour. Let Aristophanes and his comedians make plaies and scowre their mouthes on Socrates; those very mouthes they make to vilifie, shall be the meanes to amplifie his vertue. And as it was not easie for Cato to speake evill, so was it not usuall for him to hear evill: It may be Socrates would not kicke againe, if an asse did kicke at him,yet some that cannot be so wise and will not be so patient as Socrates will1, for such jadish tricks, give the asse his due burthen of bastonadas Let H.S. hisse, and his complices quarrell and all breake their gals, I have a great faction of good writers to bandie with me
But they shall marre their teeth and find me tough. Conantes frangere frangam, said Victoria Collonna: Those that to breake me strive, I’le breake them if I thrive. Resolute JOHN FLORIO. * * *
MONTAIGNE’S ESSAYS TRANSLATED BY JOHN FLORIO, 1603. THE EPISTLE DEDICATORIE To The Right Honourable my best-best Benefactors, and most-most honored Ladies, Lucie Countesse of Bedford; and hir best-most loved-loving Mother, Ladie Anne Harrington. Strange it may seeme to some, whose seeming is misseeming, in one worthiesse patronage to joyne two so severallie allworthy Ladies. But to any in the right, it would be judged wrong, to disjoyne them in ought, who never were neerer in kinde, then ever in kindnesse. None dearer (dearest Ladies) I have seene, and all may say, to your Honorable husbands then you, to you then your Honorable husbands; and then to other, then eyther is to th’ other. So as were I to name but the one, I should surely intend the other: but intending this Dedication to two, I could not but name both. To my last Birth, which I held masculine, (as are all mens conceipts that are their owne, though but by their collecting; and this was to Montaigne like Bacchus, closed in, or loosed from his great lupiters thigh) I the indulgent father invited two right Honorable Godfathers, with the ONE of your Noble Ladyshippes to witnesse. So to this defective edition (since all translations are reputed femalls, delivered at second hand; and I in this serve but as Vulcan, to hatchet this Minerva from that lupiters bigge braine) I yet at least a fondling foster-father, having transported it from France to England; put it in English clothes; taught it to talke our tongue (though many-times with a jerke of the French Iargon) would set it forth to the best service I might; and to better I might not, then You that deserve the best. Yet hath it this above your other servants: it may not onèly serve you two, to repeate in true English what you reade in fine French, but many thousands more, to tell them in their owne, what they would be taught in an other language. How nobly it is descended, let the father in the ninth Chapter of his third booke by letters testimoniall of the Romane Senate and Citty beare record: How rightly it is his, and his beloved, let him by his discourse in the eight’th of his second, written to the Lady of Estissac (as if it were to you concerning your sweete heire, most motherly-affected Lady Harrington) and by his acknowledgement in this first to all Readers give evidence, first that it is de bonne foy, then more than that, c’est moy: How worthily qualified, embellished, furnished it is, let his fairespoken, and fine-witted Daughter by alliance passe her verdict, which shee need not recant. Heere-hence to offer it into your service, let me for him but do and say, as he did for his other-selfe, his peerlesse paire Steven de Boetie, in the 28. of this first, and thinke hee speakes to you my praisesurmounting Countesse of Bedford, what hee there speakes to the Lady of Grammont Countesse of Guissen: Since as his Maister-Poet saide,
Do you but change the name, Of you is saide the same:
The further that she goeth, The more in strength she groweth:
She (great and good) on earth doth move, Yet veiles hir head in heaven above:
By you, or for you, Madame thus am I. I now rather averre as the Lyricke to his Melpomene. Quod spiro, & placeo, si placeo, tuum est. That I doe breath and please, if please I doe, It is your grace, such grace proceed’s from you. JOHN FLORIO. * * *
MONTAIGNE’S ESSAYS TRANSLATED BY JOHN FLORIO, 1603 TO THE CURTEOUS READER. Shall I apologize translation? Why but some holde (as for their freehold) that such conversion is the subversion of Universities. God holde with them, and withholde them from impeach or empaire. It were an ill turne, the turning of Bookes should be the overturning of Libraries. Yea but my olde fellow Nolano tolde me, and taught publikely, that from translation all Science had it’s of-spring. Likely, since even Philosophie, Grammar, Rhethorike, Logike, Arithmetike, Geometrie, Astronomy, Musike, and all the Mathematikes yet holde their name of the Greekes: and the Greekes drew their baptizing water from the conduit-pipes of the Egiptians, and they from the well-springs of the Hebrews or Chaldees. And can the wel-springs be so sweete and deepe; and will the well-drawne water be so sower and smell? And were their Countries so ennobled, advantaged, and embellished by such deriving; and doth it drive our noblest Colonies upon the rockes of ruine? And did they well? and prooved they well? and must we proove ill that doe so? Why but Learning would not be made common. Yea but Learning cannot be too common and the commoner the better. Why but who is not jealous, his Mistresse should be so prostitute? Yea but this Mistresse is like ayre, fire, water, the more breathed the clearer; the more extended the warmer; the more drawne the sweeter. It were inhumanitie to coope her up, and worthy forfeiture close to conceale her. Why but Schollers should have some privilege of preheminence. So have they: they onely are worthy Translators. Why but the vulgar should not knowe at all. No, they can not for all this; nor even Schollers for much more: I would, both could and knew much more than either doth or can. Why but all would not be knowne of all. No nor can: much more we know not than we know: all know something, none know all: would all know all? they must breake ere they be so bigge. God only; men farre from God. Why but pearles should not be cast to swine: yet are rings put in their noses; and a swine should know his stie, and will know his meate and his medicine, and as much beside, as any swine doth suppose it to be Marjoram. Why, but it is not wel Divinite should be a childes or old wives, a coblers, or clothiers tale or table-talke. There is use, and abuse: use none too much: abuse none too little. Why but let Learning be wrapt in a learned mantle. Yea but to be unwrapt by a leaned nurse: yea, to be lapt up againe.Yea, and unlapt againe. Else, hold we ignorance the mother of devotion; praying and preaching in an unknowne tongue: as sory a mother, as a seely daughter: a good minde perhaps, but surely an ill manner. If the best be meete for us, why should the best be barrd? Why but the best wrote best in a tongue more unknowne: Nay in a tongue more known to them that wrote, and not unknowne of them to whom they wrote. Why but more honour to him that speakes more learned. Yea such perhaps, as Quintillians Orator: a learned man I warrant him, for I understand him never a word. Why but let men write for the most honour of the Writer. Nay, for most profit of the Reader: and so haply, most honour. If to write obscurely be perplexedly offensive, as Augustus well judged: for our owne not to write in our owne but unintelligible, is haply to fewer and more criticall, but surely without honor, without profit, if he goe not, or send not an interpreter; who else what is he but a Translator? Obscure be he that loves obscuritie. And therefore willingly I take his worde, though wittingly I doe mistake it, Translata proficit. Why but who ever did well in it? Nay, who ever did well without it? If nothing can be now sayd, but hath beene saide before (as hee sayde well) if there be no new thing under the Sunne. What is that that hath beene? That that shall be: (as he sayde that was wisest) What doe the best then, but gleane after others harvest? borrow their colors, inherite their possessions? What doe they but translate? perhaps, usurpe? at least, collect? if with acknowledgement, it is well; if by stealth, it is too bad: in this, our conscience is our accuser; posteritie our judge: in that our studie is our advocate, and you Readers our jurie. Why but whom can I name, that bare a great name for it? nay who else, but either in parte of Plato and Aristotle out of many; Tullie, Plutarch, Plinie out of Plato, Aristotle and many; or of purpose, as all since have made most know the Greeke, and almost the Latin, even translated their whole treatises? Why Cardan maintaineth, neither Homers verse can be well exprest in Latine, nor Virgils in Greeke, nor Petrarch in either. Suppose Homer tooke nothing out of any, for we heare of none good before him, and there must be a first; yet Homer by Virgil is often so translated as Scaliger conceives there is the armour of Hercules most puissant on the backe of Bacchus most delicate: and Petrarch, if well tracked, would be found in their footsteps, whose verie garbage lesse Poets are noted to have gathered. Why but that Scaliger thinkes that Ficinus by his rusticall simplicitie translated Plato, as if an Owle should represent an Eagle, or some tara-rag Player should act the princely Telephus with a voyce, as rag’d as his clothes, a grace as bad as his voyce. If the famous Ficinus were so faulty, who may hope to scape foot-free? But for him and us all let me confesse, as he heere censureth; and let confession make halfe amends, that every language hath it’s Genius and inseparable forme; without Pythagoras his Metempsychosis it can not rightly be translated. The Tuscan altiloquence, the Venus of the French, the sharpe state of the Spanish, the strong signifcancy of the Dutch cannot from heere be drawne to life. The sense many keepe forme; the sentence is disfigured; the fineness, fitnesse, featenesse diminished: as much as artes nature is short of natures arte, a picture of a body, a shadow of a substance. Why then belike I have done Montaigne as Terence by Menander, made of good French no good English. If I have done no worse, and it be no worse taken, it is well. As he, if no Poet, yet am I no theefe, since I say of whom I had it, rather to imitate his and his authors negligence, then any backbiters obscure diligence. His horse I set before you; perhaps without his trappings; and his meat without sause. Indeede in this specially finde I fault with my maister, that as Crassus and Antonius in Tullie, the one seemed to contemne, the other not to know the Greeks, whereas the one so spake Greeke as he seemed to know no other tongue: the other in his travells to Athens and Rhodes had long conversed with the learned Græcians: So he, writing of himselfe, and the worst rather than the best, disclaimeth all memorie, authorities, or borrowing of the ancient or moderne; whereas in course of his discourse he seemes acquainted not onely with all, but no other but authours; and could out of question like Cyrus or Cæsar call any of his armie by name and condition. And I would for us all he had in this whole body done as much, as in most of that of other languages my peerelesse deere-deerest and never sufficiently commended friend hath done for mine and your ease and inteligence. Why then againe, as Terence, I have had helpe. Yea, and thanke them for it, and thinke you neede not be displeased by them that may please you in a better matter. Why but Essayes are but mens schoolthemes pieced together; you might as wel say, several texts. Al is in the choise & handling. Yea mary; but Montaigne, had he wit, it was but a French wit ferdillant, legier, and extravagant. Now say you English wits by the staydest censure of as learned a wit as is among you. The counsel of that judicious worthy Counsellor (honorable Sir Edward Wotton) would not have embarked me to this discovery, had not his wisedome knowne it worth my paines, and your persusing. And should or would any dog-tooth’de course of his discourses, or webbe of his Essayes, or entitling of his chapters, he holdeth a disjoynted, broken and gadding stile; and that many times they answere not his titles, and have no coherence together, to such I will say little, for they deserve but little; but if they lift, else let them chuse, I send them to the ninth chapter of the third books, folio 956, where himselfe preventeth their carping, and foreseeing their critikisme answereth them for me at full. Yet are there herein errors. If of matter, the Authours; if of omission, the printers: him I would not amend, but send him to you as I found him: this I could not attend; but where I now finde faults, let me pray and entreate you for your owne sake to correct as you reade; to amend as you list. But some errors are mine, and mine are by more then translation. Are they in Grammar, or Orthographie? as easie for you to right, as me to be wrong; or in construction, as mis-attributing him, her, or it, to thingsalive, or dead, or newter; you may soone know my meaning, and eftsoones use your mending: or are they in some uncouth termes; as entraine, conscientious, endeare, tarnish, comporte, efface, facilitate, ammusing, debauching, regret, effort, emotion, and such like; if you like them not, take others more commonly set to make such likely French words familiar with our English, which well may beare them. If any be capitall in sense mistaking, be I admonished, and they shall be recanted: Howsoever, the falsenesse of the French prints, the diversities of copies, editions and volumes (some whereof have more or lesse then others), and I in London having followed some, and in the countrie others; now those in folio, now those in octavo, yet in this last survay reconciled all; therefore or blame not rashly, or condemne not fondly the multitude of them set for your further ease in a Table (at the end of the booke) which ere you beginne to reade, I entreate you to peruse: this Printers want a diligent Corrector, my many employments, and the distance between me, and my friends I should conferre-with, may extenuate, if not excuse, even more errors. In summe, if any think he could do better, let him trie; then will he better thinke of what is done. Seven or eight of great wit and worth have assayed, but found these Essayes no attempt for French apprentises or Littletonians. If this doone it may please you, as I wish it may, and I hope it shall, I with you shall be pleased: though not, yet still I am the same resolute JOHN FLORIO. * * *
A WORLDE OF WORDES, 1598 The following seventy two books were read by John Florio for the preparation of his dictionary (1598) dedicated to “Roger Earle of Rutland, Henrie Earle of Southampton, Luci Countesse of Bedford”. A great deal of Shakespeare’s culture can be found in these books. Most noteworthy is the important presence of Pietro Aretino’s works, a major influence on the Bard. The names of the Bookes and Auctors, that have bin read of purpose for the accomplishing of this Dictionarie, and out of which it is collected. Apologia d’Annibal’ Caro, contra Lodovico Castelvetri. Arcadia del Sanazzaro. Capitoli della venerabile compagnia della lesina. Cento Novelle antiche, e di bel parlar gentile. Decamerone, o Cento Novelle del Boccaccio. Del’Arte della Cucina, di Christfano Messisburgo. Descrittione del Regno e Stato di Napoli. Dialogo delle lingue di Benedetto Varchi, detto Hercolano. Dialoghi della corte del’ Aretino. Dialoghi delle carte del’ Aretino. Dialoghi o sei giornate del’ Aretino. Dialoghi piacevoli di Stefano Guazzo. Dialoghi di Nicolo Franco. Dialoghi di Speron Speroni. Dittionario volgare & Latino del Venuti. Dittionario Italiano e Francese. Dittionario Inghilese & Italiano. Duo volumi di Epistole di diversi gran Signori e Prencipi scritte al’ Aretino Epistole o lettere facete del Rao. Fabrica del Mondo di Francesco Alunno. Galateo di Monsignore della Casa. Gierusalemme liberata di Torquato Tasso. Georgio Federichi del Falcone & Uccellare. Gloria di Guerrieri ed Amanti del Dottor Cataldo Antonio Mannarino Herbario Inghilese di Giovanni Gerardo. Herbario Spagnuolo del Dottor Laguna. Historia delle cose Settentrionali di Ollao Magno. Hospedale degli Ignoranti di Tomaso Garzoni. Humanità di Christo del’ Aretino. Il Cortegiano del Conte Baldessar Castiglione Il Genesi del’ Aretino. I Marmi del Doni. I mondi del Doni. I Sette Salmi del’Aretino. La Pelegrina, comedia di Girolamo Bargagli. La Nobilissima Compagnia della bastina. La Divina settimana di Bartas, tradotta da Ferrante Guisone. La Ruffiana, comedia. La Minera del mondo di Giovan-Maria Bonardo. La vita della Vergine Maria del’ Aretino. La Vita del San Thomaso del’ Aretino. La vita della Santa Catarina del’ Aretino. La P.Errante del’ Aretino. La vita del Gran Capitano del Giovio. La Tipocosmia d’Allessandro Cittolini. La Zucca del Doni. Le lodi del Porco. Lettere Famigliari d’Annibal Caro. Lettere Famigliari di Claudio Tholomei. Lettere facete et piacevoli di diversi grand’ huomini raccolte da Francesco Turchi. Le opere del Petrarca. Le quatro comedie del’ Aretino. Le opere burlesche del Berni e d’altri, Duo volumi. Mathiolo sopra Dioscoride. Opere di Senofonte, tradotte da Marcantonio Gandini. Ordini di cavalcare del S. Federico Grisone. Osservationi sopra il Petrarca di Francesco Alunno. Piazza Universale di Thomaso Garzoni. Pistolotti amorosi degl’ Academici Peregrini. Primo volume del’ Epistole o lettere del’ Aretino. Ragioni di Stato del Botero. Relationi Universali del Botero. Ricchezze della lingua Toscana di Francesco Alunno. Rime piacevoli dì Cesare Caporali, del Mauro e d’altri. Secondo volume delle lettere del’ Aretino. Sinagoga de’ pazzi di Thomaso Garzoni. Specchio di vera penitentia di Maestro lacopo Passavanti. Theatro di varij cervelli di Thomaso Garzoni. Terzo volume delle lettere del’ Aretino. Tito Livio, tradotto dal Narni. Tre volumi di Conrado Gesnero degli animali, pesci, e uccelli. Vocabulario delas dos lenguas Italiano e Spagnuolo. * * *
QUEEN ANNA ’S NEW WORLD OF WORDES, 1603 The two hundred and fifty two books listed below were read by John Florio for the publication in 1611 of the New World of Wordes, an extended version of his first dictionary. The 1613 edition was dedicated to Queen Anne of Denmark. The Names of the Authors and Bookes that have been read of Purpose for the collecting of this Dictionarie. Alfabeto Christiano. Aminta di Torquato Tasso. Amor Costante, Comedia. Antithesi della dottrina nuova et vecchia. Antonio Bruccioli nell’ Ecclesiaste, et sopra i fatti degli apostoli. Apologia d’ Annibal Caro contra Lodovico Castelvetri. Apologia di tre saggi Illustri di Napoli. Arcadia del Sanazzaro. Arte Aulica di Lorenzo Ducci. Asolani di Pietro Bembo. Avvertirnenti ed essamini ad un perfetto bombadiere di Girolamo Cataneo. Balia. Comedia. Bernardino Rocca dell’ Imprese militari. Bibbia Sacra tradotta da Giovanni Diodati. Boccaccio de’ casi degl’ huomini Illustri. Botero delle Isole. Bravure del Capitano Spavento. Calisto.Comedia. Canzon di ballo di Lorenzo Medici. Capitoli della venerabil compagnia della lesina. Capo finto.Comedia. Catalogo di Messer Anonymo. Celestina.Comedia. Cena delle ceneri del Nolano. Cento novelle antiche et di bel parlar gentile. Clitia.Comedia. Commentario delle più nobili e mostruose cose d’Italia. Contenti.Comedia. Considerationi di valdesso. Contra-lesina. Corbaccio del Boccaccio. Cornelio Tacito, tradotto da Bernardo Davanzati. Corona et palma militare di Arteglieria, di Aless.Capobianco. Corrado Gesnero degl’ animali, pesci, ed uccelli, tre volumi. Dante, Comentato da Alessandro Velutelli. Dante, Comentato da Bernardo Danielo. Dante, Comentato da Giovanni Boccaccio. Dantc, Comentato dal Landini. Decamerone, overo Cento novelle dell Boccaccio. Decamerone spirituale di Francesco Dionigi. Della causa principio ed uno del Nolano. Della perfettione della vita politica di Mr.Paulo Paruta. Dell’ Arte della Cucina di Christofaro Messibugo. Dell’ infinito, universo et mondi del Nolano. Descrittione delle feste fatte a Firenze, del 1608. Descrittione del Regno o stato di Napoli. Dialoghi della Corte, dell’ Aretino. Dialoghi delle Carte, dell’ Aretino. Dialoghi o sei giornate dell’ Aretino. Dialoghi di Nicolò Franco. Diologhi di Speron Speroni. Dialoghi piacevoli di Stefano Guazzo. Dialogo delle lingue di Benedetto Varchi detto Hercolano. Dialogo di Giacomo Riccamati. Dilologo di Giovanni Stamlerno. Discorsi Academici de mondi de Thomaso Buoni. Discorsi Peripathetici e Platonici di D.Stefano Conventi. Discorsi politici di Paolo Paruta. Discorso di Domenico Scevolini sopra l’Astrologia giudiciaria. Dittionario Italiano ed Inglese. Dittionario Italiano e Francese. Dittionario volgare et Latino del Venuti. Don Silvano. Dottrina nuova et vecchia. Duello di messer Dario Attendolo. Emilia.Comedia. Epistole di Cicerone in volgare. Epistole di Phalaride. Epistole di diversi Signori et Prencipi all’ Aretino, duo volumi. Epistole overo lettere del Rao. Essamerone del Reverendissimo Mr.Francesco Cattani da Diaceto. Eunia.Pastorale ragionamento. Fabrica del mondo di Francesco Alunno. Facetie dei Gonella. Fatti d’arme famosi di Carolo Saraceni, duo gran volumi. Favole morali di Mr. Giovanmaria Verdizotti. Feste di Milano del 16o5. Fuggi l’otio di Thomaso Costo. Galateo di Monsignore della Casa. Gelosia.Comedia. Genealogia degli Dei, del Boccaccio. Georgio Federichi del falcone ed uccellare. Geronimo d’Urea dell’ honor militare. Gesualdo, sopra il Petrarca. Gierusalemme liberata di Torquato Tasso. Gio: Marinelli dell’ infermità delle donne. Gio: Fero della Passione di Giesù Christo. Giovanni Antonio Menavino, de’ costumi et vita de’ Turchi. Girolamo Frachetta, del governo di Stato. Girolamo Frachetta, del governo di guerra. Gloria di Guerrieri ed amanti di Cataldo Antonio Mannarino. Hecatommiti di Mr Gio.Battista Giraldi Cinthio. Hecatomphila di Mr Leon-Battista. Herbario Inghilese di Giovanni Gerardi. Herbario Spagnuolo del Dottor Laguna. Heroici furori del Nolano. Historia della China. Historia delle cose Settentrionali di Ollao Magno. Historia del Villani. Historia di Gio. Battista Adriani. Historia di Francesco Guicciardini. Historia di Natali Conti duo volumi. Historia di Paolo Giovio duo volumi. Historia di Persia, del Minadoi. Historia d’Ungheria di Pietro Bizarri. Historia milanese. Historia naturale d C.Plinio secondo. Historia Venetiana di Pietro Bemho. Historia universale del Tarcagnotta,cinque volumi. Hospedale degli Ignoranti di Thomaso Garzoni. Humanità di Christo dell’ Aretino. Iacomo Ricamati, della dottrina Christiana. Il Castigliano, overo dell’ arme di Nobiltà. Il Consolato. Idea del Secretario. Il Cortegiano del Conte Baldazar Castiglioni. Il Furto Comedia. II Genesi dell’ Aretino. Il gentilhuomo di Mr.Pompeo Rocchi. Il Marinaio. Comedia. II Peregrino di Mr, Girolamo Parabosco. II Terentio, commentato in lingua Toscana di Gio. Fabrini. Il Secretario, di Battista Guarini. Il viluppo. Comedia. I Marmi dei Doni, I Mondi del Doni. Imprese del Ruscelli. Inganni.Comedia. Istruttioni di Artiglieria, di Eugenio Gentilini. I Prencipi di Gio: Botero, Benese. Isole famose di Thomaso Porcacchi. I sette salmi penitentiali dell’ Aretino. La Civile Conversatione, di Stefano Guazzo. La Croce racquistata di Francesco Bracciolini. La Divina Settimana di Bartas, tradotta da Ferrante Guisone. La Famosissima compagnia della lesina. La Fiammetta del Boccaccio. Lacrime di San Pietro del Tansillo. La minera dei mondo, di Gio. Maria Bonardo. L’amoroso sdegno. Comedia. La Nobilissima compagnia della Bastina. La Pelegrina. Comedia di Girolamo Bargagli. La Dalida, Tragedia. La P.errante dell’ Aretino. La Regia. Pastorale. La Ruffiana. Comedia. La Tipocosmia d’Alessandro Cittolini. Le aggionte alla Ragion di Stato. Le Due Cortegiane. Comedia. Le hore di recreatione di Lod.Guicciardini. Le lodi del porco. Le opere del Petrarca. Le origini della volgare toscana favella. Lettere di Angelo Grillo. Lettere del Cavagliere Guarini. Lettere del Cieco d’Adria. Lettere di Prencipi a Prencipi tre volumi. Lettere di Stefano Guazzo. Lettere d’Ovidio, fatte in volgare. Lettere famigliari di Annibal Caro. Lettere famigliari di Claudio Tolomei. Lettere facete di diversi gran’huomini. Lettionivarie di Benedetto Varchi. Lettioni di Panigarola. Libro nuovo d’ordinar banchetti, et conciar vivande Luca Pinelli Giesuita, nelle sue meditationi. Madrigali d’ Allessandro Gatti. Marsilio Ficino. Mathiolo sopra Dioscoride. Metamorphosi d’Ovidio, tradotte dall’ Anguillara. Morgante Maggiore di Luigi Pulci. Notte, Comedia. Novelle del Bandello, volumi tre. Nuovo theatro di machine ed edifici di Vittorio Zonca. Opere burlesche del Berni ed’ altri, duo volumi. Opere burlesche di varij et diversi Academici. Opere di Senofonte, tradotto di Marcantonio Gandini. Oratione di Lodovico Federici a Leonardo Donato, Doge di Venetia. Oratione di Pietro Miario all’ istesso. Orationi di Luigi Grotto, detto il Cieco d’Hadria. Ordini di Cavalcare di Federico Grisone. Orlando Furioso dell’Ariosto. Orlando innamorato dell’ Boiardi. Osservationi sopra il Petrarca, di Francesco Alunno. Parentadi, Comedia. Pastor fido, del Cav.Guarini. Petrarca, del Doni. Panigarola contra Calvino. Philocopo del Boccaccio. Piazza’ Universale di Thomaso Garzoni. Pinzocchera, Comedia. Piovano Arlotto. Pistolotti amorosi degli Academici Peregrini. Pratica manuale dell’ arteglieria, di Luigi Calliado. Precetti della militia moderna tanto per mare quanto per terra. Prediche dei Panigarola. Prediche di Bartolomeo Lantana. Prigion d’Amore, Comedia. Prose de Mr.Agnolo Firenzuola. Prediche di Randolfo Ardente. Quattro Comedie dell’ Aretino. Ragion di Stato del Botero. Relationi universali del Botero. Retrattione del Vergerio. Relationo di quanto successe in vagliadolid, del 16o5. Ricchezze della lingua toscana di Francesco Alunno. Rime di Luigi Grotto, Cieco d’Hadria. Rime dei Sr.Fil. Alberti Perugini. Rime piacevoli del Caporali, Mauro ed altri. Ringhieri de’ giuochi. Risposta a Girolamo Mutio del Betti. Rosmunda, Tragedia. Sacrificio, Comedia. Seconda parte de’ Prencipi Christiani del Botero. Scelti documenti a’ scolari bombardieri di Giacomo Marzari. Sei volumi di lettere dell’ Aretino. Sibilla, Comedia. Simon Biraldi, delle Imprese scelte. Sinagoga de’ Pazzi, di Thomaso Garzoni. Somma della dottrina christiana. Sonetti mattaccini. Spatio della bestia triumphante del Nolano. Specchio di Scienza universale di Leonardo Fioravanti. Specchio di vera penitenza di Jacopo Passavanti. Spiritata, Comedia. Sporta, Comedia. Strega, Còmedia. Tesoro politico, tre volumi. Tesoro, Comedia. Teatro di varij cervelli di Thomaso Garzoni. Tito Livio tradotto del Narni. Torrismondo tragedia di Torquato Tasso. Trattato del beneficio di Giesù Christo crocifisso. Tutte l’opere di Nicolo Macchiavelli. Vanità del mondo, del Stella. Vendemmiatore del Tansillo. Ugoni Bresciano degli stati dell’ humana vita: dell’ impositione de’ nomi: della vigilia & sonno; ed dell’ eccellenza diVenetia. Viaggio delle Indie orientali di Gasparo Balbi. Vincenzo Cartari, degli Dei degli antichi. Vita del Picaro Gusmano d’Alsarace. Unione di Portogallo & Castiglia del Conestaggio. Vocabolario delas dos lenguas, Italiano & Spagnuolo. Vita del Gran Capitano scritta dal Giovio. Vita del Petrarca, scritta dal Gcsualdo. Vita della Vergine Maria, scritta dall’ Aretino. Vita di Bartolomeo Coglioni. Vita di Pio Quinto. Vita di Santa Catarina, Scritta dall’ Aretino. Vita di San Tomaso scritta dall’ Aretino. Vite di Plutarco. Zucca del Doni. |
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